1876 Republican National Convention

1876 Republican National Convention

1876 presidential election
Nominees Hayes and Wheeler
Convention
Date(s)	June 14–16, 1876
City	Cincinnati, Ohio
Venue	Exposition Hall
Candidates
Presidential nominee	Rutherford B. Hayes of Ohio
Vice presidential nominee	William A. Wheeler of New York
Other candidates	James G. Blaine Benjamin H. Bristow

The 1876 Republican National Convention was a presidential nominating convention held at the Exposition Hall in Cincinnati, Ohio on June 14–16, 1876. President Ulysses S. Grant had considered seeking a third term, but with various scandals, a poor economy and heavy Democratic gains in the House of Representatives that led many Republicans to repudiate him, he declined to run. The convention resulted in the nomination of Governor Rutherford B. Hayes of Ohio for president and Representative William A. Wheeler of New York for vice president.

The Republican ticket of Hayes and Wheeler went on to lose the popular vote to Democrats Samuel J. Tilden and Thomas A. Hendricks in the election of 1876, but won the electoral vote after a controversy which was resolved by the Compromise of 1877.

Overview

The convention was called to order by Republican National Committee chairman Edwin D. Morgan. Theodore M. Pomeroy served as the convention's temporary chairman and Edward McPherson served as permanent president.

The principal candidates at the convention included Senator James G. Blaine of Maine, the former Speaker of the House; Senator Oliver P. Morton of Indiana; Secretary of the Treasury Benjamin H. Bristow of Kentucky; Senator Roscoe Conkling of New York; Governor Rutherford B. Hayes of Ohio; and Governor John F. Hartranft of Pennsylvania. James Russell Lowell, well-known poet and a professor at Harvard College, spoke on behalf of Hayes.

Two candidates, Benjamin Bristow and Marshall Jewell of Connecticut, were serving as Cabinet members in the Grant administration.

Presidential nomination

Presidential candidates

• 
  Governor
  Rutherford B. Hayes
  of Ohio
• 
  Former Speaker
  James G. Blaine
  of Maine
• 
  Treasury Secretary
  Benjamin Bristow
  of Kentucky
• 
  Senator
  Oliver P. Morton
  of Indiana
• 
  Senator
  Roscoe Conkling
  of New York
• 
  Governor
  John F. Hartranft
  of Pennsylvania
• 
  Postmaster General
  Marshall Jewell
  of Connecticut

Interior of the Exposition Hall of Cincinnati during the announcement of Rutherford B. Hayes as the party's nominee for president

Blaine led after the first ballot, but had only 285 of the 378 delegates required to secure the nomination. Morton, Bristow, and Conkling each had around 100 delegates, while Hayes and Hartranft each had around 60. The second, third, and fourth ballots saw similar results, but Hayes began to surge on the fifth ballot, passing Morton and Conkling to secure third place after Blaine and Bristow. The sixth ballot saw Blaine rise to 308, but, with the other candidates fading, Hayes continued his surge, moving into second place. After the sixth ballot, the Bristow, Conkling, Morton, and Hartranft supporters withdrew their candidates' names from consideration, leaving Hayes as the sole focus of opposition to Blaine. With the other candidates gone, Hayes won a narrow majority on the seventh ballot and secured the nomination.

Presidential Ballot
Ballot	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th	6th	7th
Hayes	61	64	67	68	104	113	384
Blaine	285	296	293	292	286	308	351
Bristow	113	114	121	126	114	111	21
Morton	124	120	113	108	95	85	0
Conkling	99	93	90	84	82	81	0
Hartranft	58	63	68	71	69	50	0
Jewell	11	0	0	0	0	0	0
Washburne	0	1	1	3	3	4	0
Wheeler	3	3	2	2	2	2	0
Not Voting	2	2	1	2	1	2	0

Presidential Balloting / 3rd Day of Convention (June 16, 1876)

• 
  1st
  Presidential Ballot
• 
  2nd
  Presidential Ballot
• 
  3rd
  Presidential Ballot
• 
  4th
  Presidential Ballot
• 
  5th
  Presidential Ballot
• 
  6th
  Presidential Ballot
• 
  7th
  Presidential Ballot

Vice Presidential nomination

Vice Presidential candidates

• 
  Representative
  William A. Wheeler
  of New York
• 
  Senator
  Frederick Frelinghuysen
  of New Jersey
• 
  Postmaster General
  Marshall Jewell
  of Connecticut
• 
  Former Representative
  Stewart L. Woodford
  of New York
  (Declined)
• 
  Former Representative
  Joseph R. Hawley
  of Connecticut

Five names were presented to the convention for the vice presidential nomination. Stewart L. Woodford of New York withdrew his own name from consideration as it was not done at his suggestion.

Representative William A. Wheeler of New York was thirteen votes shy of a majority on a partial first ballot when the rules were suspended so that he could be nominated by acclamation. Wheeler defeated Frederick T. Frelinghuysen of New Jersey, Marshall Jewell and Joseph R. Hawley of Connecticut for the nomination.

Vice Presidential Ballot
Ballot	1st (Partial Roll-Call)
Wheeler	366
Frelinghuysen	89
Jewell	86
Woodford	70
Hawley	25
Not Called	120

Vice Presidential Balloting / 3rd Day of Convention (June 16, 1876)

• 
  1st
  Vice Presidential Ballot
  (Partial)

See also

• History of the United States Republican Party
• List of Republican National Conventions
• U.S. presidential nomination convention
• 1876 United States presidential election
• 1876 Democratic National Convention

External links

• Republican Party Platform of 1876 at The American Presidency Project
• Proceedings of the Republican National Convention, Held at Cincinnati, Ohio, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, June 14, 15, and 16, 1876

Preceded by 1872 Philadelphia

Republican National Conventions

Succeeded by 1880 Chicago