SFC Joshua Beale, age 32, died on Tuesday, January 22, 2019, in Uruzgan Province, Afghanistan, while conducting combat operations. He was assigned to 3rd Special Forces Group (Airborne), Fort Bragg, North Carolina. Joshua Beale, succumbed to wounds sustained from small arms fire. He was supporting Operation Freedom’s Sentinel.

Beale – who was also known as “Zach” – was a native of Carrollton, Virginia. He graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in Criminal Justice from Old Dominion University in 2008.

Zach enlisted in the U.S. Army in 2011. He attended Basic Training, Fort Benning, Georgia, where he graduated from the U.S. Army Airborne School. Beale graduated in 2013 from the Special Forces Qualification Course (SFQC) and was subsequently assigned to 3rd SFG(A).

While assigned to 3rd SFG , he graduated from numerous other Army courses, including the Advanced Leader Course, Special Forces Sniper Course, and Army Ranger School. This was his fourth overseas tour, and his third tour to Afghanistan. He had more than seven years of service in the Army.

His awards and decorations include the Bronze Star Medal (3rd award), Purple Heart, Meritorious Service Medal, Army Achievement Medal, Afghanistan Campaign Medal, NATO Medal, Overseas Service Ribbon, National Defense Service Medal, Global War on Terrorism Service Medal, Special Forces Tab, Ranger Tab, Parachutist Badge and Combat Infantry Badge.

SFC Beale was assigned to 1st Battalion, 3rd SFG. Beale was posthumously awarded the Bronze Star Medal, Purple Heart, and the Meritorious Service Medal. He was posthumously promoted to Sgt. 1st Class.

“Joshua was a smart, talented and dedicated member of 3rd SFG (A) and the special operations community. He will be greatly missed by everyone who had the fortunate opportunity to know him.  We extend our deepest condolences to his family for this tragic loss.”

Col. Nathan Prussian, 3rd SFG (A) commander.

Beale is survived by his wife and two children .

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References:

January 23, 2019, “Green Beret Killed in Afghanistan Leaves Behind a Wife and Two Children”, Newsweek.

January 23, 2019, “DoD Identifies Army Casualty”, DoD News Release.

January 22, 2019. “U.S. Service Member Killed in Afghanistan”, Resolute Support Headquarters, Afghanistan.

Biography and photo provided by the Public Affairs Office of the U.S.Army Special Operations Command (USASOC).

A lot of second-guessing is taking place about the SF deaths in Niger where four members of the 3rd Special Forces Group were killed by militants on October 4, 2017. The media has taken an unfortunate event and politicized it. One of the dramas on the airways and in print is the (delayed and clumsy) communitcation of President Trump with the families of the deceased Soldiers. The other dramas are about the mission itself – such as why are we in Niger, how could things go so wrong, and of the presumed lack of transparency by the DoD and Trump administration.

Politicizing Families of the Deceased. The media has spent considerable time on President Trump’s interaction with the families of the deceased Soldiers. Trump didn’t help himself in this instance. During this time following October 4th he was tweeting about the November 2016 election, Hillary Clinton, the NFL, and other (some very trivial) topics. When he finally did rise to the occasion (weeks after the incident) to contact the families to offer his condolences it was not without controversy. He politicized the process when he compared his actions with those of previous presidents. That didn’t go very well for him. A great segment of the media seized the opportunity to analyze his words to one Soldier’s widow and imply that he was flippant in his conversation and wording. When the offending phrase is taken in the context of the complete sentence it seems much less damaging. To his credit White House Chief of Staff John Kelly (a retired general and Gold Star Father) came to his defense about the phone call and explained in detail the family notification process to members of the press during a press conference. [1]

Why are we in Africa? Many Americans did not know of the extensive involvement of the United States military in Africa – both conventional and special operations forces (SOF). In addition, they are unaware of the enormous threat posed by the various extremist militant groups scattered in many of the countries across western and northern Africa. Still further, there are many questions about what our Special Forces are doing in Niger. Some people are now able to accurately locate Niger on the map – even while a few major news networks appear to have difficulty with this mapping process. [2]

What Went Wrong With the Mission? The media has been hammering the DoD and White House on how the SF mission in Niger went bad. Naturally the Pentagon, AFRICOM, SOCAfrica, 3rd Special Forces Group (forward), and other organizations are all participating in a detailed examination of the mission. Some of the results of that investigation will be classified and surely there will eventually be an unclassified report and briefing as well.

Congress. The U.S. Congress seems to be annoyed with the Defense Department and the Administration in the lack of information about the SF deaths in Niger and on the conduct and purpose of the overall mission. Some members of Congress are accusing the Pentagon for a lack of transparency. Senator John McCain, the chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee, is requesting some specific information and appears to be getting a bit impatient.

FBI Investigation. The Federal Bureau of Investigation is getting involved and conducting an investigation of the SF deaths in Niger. Apparently it is not unusual for the FBI to take a supporting role in the investigations of deaths of US troops overseas. The investigators are helping to gather and evaluate evidence about the insurgents / terrorists that killed the four American military members and how the terrorists obtained information that about where and when the SF team would be so they could conduct the ambush. [3]

How Did One Soldier Get Separated? It is the policy that the United States does not leave its troops behind. But . . . that may have happened. One of the dead Soldiers – SGT La David Johnson – became separated and his body was not recovered until 48 hours later. Many of the questions revolving around the mission are on how this happened. The defense department has since stated that there was always troops in the battle space where the ambush took place. One spokesmen said that there were either American, Nigerien, or French troops at the site of the ambush throughout the entire time when SGT Johnson was missing and there was a constant effort to find him. [4] The DoD is using the term ‘separated’ while the media appears to favor ‘left behind’. While ‘No Man Left Behind’ is a good policy and great soundbite it sometimes is not achievable.

Lack of Intelligence? Surely one of the aspects of the investigation will be the use and availability of intelligence about the area the SF team was operating in and about the presence of the militant group (presumably an offshoot of the Islamic State) that attacked the team. Did the special operators have an incomplete intelligence picture of the operational environment? Did they have enough drone coverage? Was there an adequate risk assessment conducted prior to the mission. These are some of the questions being asked. The answers to these questions will likely not be disclosed in an unclassified report.

Medical Evacuation. Africa is a big place subject to the ‘tyranny of distance’. Performing medical evacuations of wounded or injured personnel is challenging and most of the locations where small special operations teams work are not within the ‘golden hour’ of receiving medical care for serious wounds or injuries. A lot of questions are revolving around the topic of medical evacuation . . . and even further . . . personnel recovery assets (men and aircraft) and close air support.

Conspiracy? Rachel Maddow of MSNBC goes so far as to suggest that President Trump is hiding something about the SF deaths in Niger and about the overall mission purpose. She seems to be going off the deep end on this incident. A big segment of the media are making some political hay out of this unfortunate mission. [5]

DoD Response Thus Far. Secretary of Defense Jim Mattis is very attuned to the need to find out what went wrong with the SF deaths in Niger. Certainly he is demanding an accurate timeline and circumstances of the incident. Mattis has said that the Defense Department will make a report on the incident when it is appropriate. He also asked the media not to second-guess the leaders of the operation on the ground. [6] There is a lot of Monday-morning quarterbacking being done but eventually the investigation will be completed and the relevant military organizations will take measures to mitigate risks in future operations on the African continent.

Footnotes:

[1] In his press conference Kelly said that he was “. . . stunned and broken-hearted . . .” over comments by a Democratic representative from Florida and that “There’s no perfect way to make that phone call”. For more see a news report by USA Today, October 19, 2017 on the topic.

[2] NBC Nightly News recently showed a map outline of Mali and labeled it Niger.

[3] See ISIS Attack on American Soldiers in Niger Still Murky but FBI Now Investigating, Newsweek, October 20, 2017.

[4] Pentagon: Troops never left battlespace in Niger during nearly two-day search for mission soldier, Stars and Stripes, October 19, 2017.

[5] See Rachel at her best (worst) in this video clip. Begins at 5:00 min mark and ends 14:00 min mark in “Maddow: What is Trump hiding about U.S. military in Niger?”, MSNBC.com, October 18, 2017.

[6] Mattis Discusses Niger Operation, Asks Media to Stop Second-Guessing, Department of Defense, October 19, 2017.

References:

Attack on U.S. Soldiers in Niger: Context and Issues for Congress, Congressional Research Service (CRS), October 5, 2017.
www.sof.news/pubs/Attack-US-Soldiers-Niger-CRS-20171005.pdf

3rd SFG Africa Mission – When the 3rd Special Forces Group was reactivated at Fort Bragg in July 1990 it was assigned regional responsibility for the Caribbean area and Africa. Prior to that the Caribbean was a 7th Special Forces Group responsibility and Africa was a 10th Special Forces Group responsibility. When 9/11 occurred 3rd Special Forces Group found itself heavily engaged in Afghanistan while also providing elements to the Iraq conflict (OIF) and elsewhere.

The requirements for 3rd Special Forces Group in Afghanistan and Iraq have diminished so the group is now focused on the 3rd SFG Africa mission. The Fort Bragg-based Special Forces Group is heavily involved in many of the 54 countries in Africa.

The continent is plagued with insurgencies and terrorist groups. The Islamic State has made inroads in Libya, Joseph Kony’s Lords Resistance Army still exists in a remote border area in northern areas of Uganda and other neighboring countries, and Boko Haram is firmly entrenched in the border areas of Nigeria and neighboring countries. Kenya is troubled with incursions by terrorists from Somalia (along its northern border). Somalia itself is a mess and classified as a failed state with a major insurgent problem.

The 3rd SFG Africa mission requires the Special Forces Soldiers to work closely with other U.S. government agencies and with the military of host and allied nations. Africa is a large continent with great distances from the working location to good medical facilities – so medical evacuation for injuries or sickness is problematic. The Special Operations Command Africa (SOCAfrica) oversees much of the activity, coordination, and support for the special operations missions on the continent.

Drew Brooks, the military editor for The Fayetteville Observer,  has provided us a detailed account of the 3rd SFG Africa mission. Read “3rd Special Forces Group ‘all in’ on Africa mission”, The Fayetteville Observer, July 8, 2017.